Department of Languages

Walter G. Tschacher, Ph.D., Chair

Professor: Tschacher;

Associate Professors: Boitano, Buranello, Hodge;

Assistant Professors: Loustau, Olivier-Wallis, Valenzuela;

Instructors: Gallagher, Sweet;

Bachelor of Arts in French

Bachelor of Arts in Spanish

The department of languages offers the study of modern and classical languages such as Arabic, Chinese, French, German, Greek, Italian, Japanese, Latin and Spanish. The program is designed to increase students' linguistic and practical skills and broaden their awareness of the culture they are studying. All courses in the major or minor must be taken for a letter grade.

Semester Abroad Program with The American Institute For Foreign Studies (AIFS) in Cannes, France

AIFS-Cannes, France, offers a vast array of beginning, intermediate, and advanced French language courses as well as general education courses taught in French and/or English in art history, organizational leadership, history/sociology and French cinema. Chapman University oversees AIFS-Cannes and is responsible for the transcription of all grades. A unique internship program at the International Cannes Film Festival is offered each spring. Students may study with AIFS-Cannes during the fall, spring and summer sessions. The department regularly offers an internship travel seminar to France. Course descriptions may be found under the Chapman Courses Abroad section of the catalog. Contact the Center for Global Education at the Orange campus for more details: 714/997–6829.

Bachelor of Arts in French

requirements (30 credits, 24 of which must be upper–division)

eight of the following

Students are encouraged to spend at least one semester in France or a Francophone country.

Bachelor of Arts in Spanish

core requirements (24 credits)

linguistics requirement (3 credits)

one of the following

upper–division electives (6 credits)

two of the following

Students are encouraged to spend at least one semester in a Spanish–speaking country.

Minors in the Department of Languages

Minor in French

requirements (18 credits, 15 of which must be upper–division)

six of the following

Students are encouraged to spend at least one semester in France or a Francophone country.

Minor in German Studies

core requirements (18 credits, 15 of which must be upper–division)

Students must complete a minimum of 12 credits from section I, and 6 additional credits from either section I or II, or equivalent courses taken abroad.

section I

section II

Students are encouraged to spend at least one semester in a German–speaking country.

Minor in Japanese Studies

requirements (21 credits, at least 15 of which must be upper-division).

Students must complete 15 credits from section I, and 6 additional credits from section II, or approved Japanese language/Japan related coursework in a study abroad program in Japan.

section I

section II

Students are encouraged to spend at least one semester in Japan.

Minor in Spanish

requirements (18 credits, 15 of which must be upper–division)

five of the following (15 credits)

Course Descriptions – Arabic

ARAB 101, 102 Elementary Arabic I, II

ARAB 101 proficiency required for ARAB 102. Students develop beginning level skills in reading, writing and speaking Arabic. Students will study basic grammar and vocabulary and will have listening and speaking practice. Students will strengthen reading and writing skills through different mechanisms including popular media and literary selections while also noting customs and cultures of the Arabic-speaking world. (Offered as needed.) 3, 3 credits.

Course Objectives:

1. Develop and enhance the student's motivation to learn Modern Standard Arabic. This will include learning the background and history of the language, understanding the dialectical variety of Arabic and appreciating the usefulness of Modern Standard Arabic.
2. Learn the Arabic alphabet; that is, recognize the letters and be able to write them.
3. Learn and use basic grammar and vocabulary.
4. Understand oral statements and questions and respond orally.
5. Read short texts and write short compositions.
6. In addition to mastering the basics of Modern Standard Arabic, the language of the media and formal speech in 21 Arab countries, students will learn how to distinguish between the four major dialects (Mediterranean, Egyptian, North African and Gulf) used in everyday speech.
7. A structural/comprehensive approach is used for the written component.
8. Spoken proficiency is achieved using the functional method which stresses communicative competence in realistic social situations. Arabic is used as much as possible as the classroom language.

ARAB 201, 202 Intermediate Arabic I, II

Prerequisite, for ARAB 201, completion of ARAB 102 or equivalent, or permission of the instructor. For ARAB 202, completion of ARAB 201, or permission of the instructor. Conversation, concepts of grammar in review, composition, cultural and literary readings. (Offered every year.) 3, 3 credits.

Course Objectives:

1. By the end of the semester the student should be able to carry on a conversation in Arabic, to order with ease food and drinks in a restaurant, to ask for directions, to understand directions, to write messages, to compose a written and spoken narrative in the present and the past, to express ideas and opinions, and to make sense of a variety of Arabic cultural icons and texts.
2. The supplemental materials will provide the student will an enhanced understanding of the structure of the Arabic language, e.g., basic word order, the interrogative sentence, narration in the past and present, negation...etc. As this structure becomes more solid, the student will be able to realize when making a mistake and to make self-corrections.
3. This course will provide the student with a solid foundation upon which they will be able to build their knowledge, understanding, and appreciation of the Arabic language and culture.

ARAB 299 Individual Study

(Offered as needed.) 1–6 credits.

Course Descriptions – Chinese

CHIN 101, 102 Elementary Chinese I, II

Prerequisite, for CHIN 101, none. For CHIN 102, completion of Elementary Chinese I or permission of the instructor. Mastery of basic vocabulary and structural patterns, pronunciation, an overview of Chinese geography and customs. Five contact hours per week. (Offered every year.) 3, 3 credits.

Course Objectives:

1. Chinese 101:
   1. To enable students to communicate (listen, speak, read, write) accurately and appropriately in simple Chinese for common everyday purposes.
   2. To lay a good foundation for students to further their studies of the Chinese language at intermediate level by helping them (a) to master the Chinese phonetic system so as to be able to speak Chinese with correct pronunciation and intonation, (b) to understand the basic Chinese grammatical concepts so as to monitor their own Chinese language production, (c) to be aware of some of aspects of Chinese culture imbedded in the Chinese language, and (d) to know the structures of Chinese characters so that they are able to recognize and start writing Chinese characters.
2. Chinese 102:
   1. This course will continue to help students to acquire the four language skills (listening, speaking, reading, and writing), so that they can communicate accurately and appropriately in simple Chinese for common everyday purposes.
   2. To help students get fully ready for the second year Chinese. The course will help them (a) to speak Chinese with correct pronunciation and intonation by practicing reading aloud and by getting to know more about the sense group stress and the sentence tunes in Chinese, (b) to understand more about the basic Chinese grammatical concepts so that students can monitor their own Chinese language production better, (c) to be aware of many aspects of Chinese culture imbedded in the Chinese language, (d) to know better the structures of Chinese characters and their meanings.

CHIN 201, 202 Intermediate Chinese I, II

Prerequisite, for CHIN 201, CHIN 102 or equivalent, or consent of instructor. For CHIN 202, CHIN 201, or consent of instructor. Conversation, concepts of grammar in review, composition, cultural and literary readings. (Offered every year.) 3, 3 credits.

Course Objectives:

1. Help students acquire increasingly complex grammatical structures and idiomatic usages of vocabulary as well as review basic grammatical structures.
2. Make students aware of the Chinese socio-culture as it is embedded in language; sensitize students to reading and interpreting situations in a Chinese cultural context. Introduce students to more knowledge about Chinese culture, history and social values.
3. Enable students to understand or grasp general ideas of longer and more complicated oral materials that are closer to normal-speed.
4. Enable students to handle successfully a variety of basic communicative tasks, to participate in simple conversations on topics beyond the most immediate needs, to present a pre-prepared speech with fluency on specific topics.
5. Enable students to read consistently with a good understanding of materials of moderate difficulty on Chinese history, culture, and society, written in characters.
6. Enable students to meet basic writing needs, and limited social demands, e.g., simple letters, personal notes, summaries of biographical data, work and school experience, and essays on specific topics with instructor's guidance.

Course Descriptions – English as a Second Language

ESL 103/503 Rhetoric

(Equivalent to ENG 103.) Prerequisite for all other English courses. Emphasis on the theory and practice of writing effective essays. Students master a variety of essay modes by completing a wide range of assignments, including reading assignments with exercises and critical analysis. (Offered fall semester.) 3 credits.

Course Objectives:

1. Students will be taught to write clear, logical, thoughtful, concise essays in the correct essay format.
2. Critical thinking will be encouraged in all work, as well as the ability to produce an individual point of view.
3. Correct grammar and proper writing mechanics will be stressed.
4. Students will learn to write a good research paper by following a process from researching the material, assimilating it, paraphrasing in their own words, using citations, and presenting the paper in the correct MLA format.

ESL 104/504 Writing About Literature

(Equivalent to ENG 104.) Prerequisite, ESL 103/503, or consent of instructor. This course introduces the students to the literary genres of fiction, non-fiction, poetry, and drama. Students will analyze and write critical papers about literature. Meets the undergraduate degree requirement in English. (Offered spring semester.) 3 credits.

Course Objective:

1. This course is designed to give access to our literary storehouse of attitudes and mores, customs and values, and the sophisticated or dialectical language of the genres used to reflect them, and so encouraging the student to further reading and research.

ESL 299 Individual Study

(Offered as needed.) 1-6 credits.

ESL 300 Successful Writing for International Students

This course develops skills needed for writing across the curriculum. Students identify and correct specific writing problems. Editing skills are emphasized. (Offered as needed.) 3 credits.

Course Objectives:

1. This class is designed to meet the needs of the student who has not yet mastered the writing and editing skills needed for effective college writing.
2. It will provide instruction in the following: proper mechanics to write a clear and intelligent essay; good paragraph development; expository writing style; critical thinking; responding to readings; editing and rewriting skills; writing to respond to a prompt; and clear writing styles.

ESL 490 Independent Internship

(Offered as needed.) 1-6 credits.

ESL 499 Individual Study

(Offered as needed.) 1–6 credits.

Course Descriptions – Foreign Language

Language coursework taken through study abroad or in transfer may be designated as subject FL if the language is not offered at Chapman. 

FL 101 Foreign Language 1st Semester

3 credits.

FL 102 Foreign Language 2nd Semester

3 credits.

FL 199 Individual Study

Prerequisite, consent of instructor. May be repeated for credit. (Offered as needed.) 1–3 credits.

FL 299 Individual Study

Prerequisite, consent of instructor. May be repeated for credit. (Offered as needed.) 1–3 credits.

FL 499 Individual Study

Prerequisite, consent of instructor. May be repeated for credit. (Offered as needed.) 1–6 credits.

Course Descriptions – French

FREN 101, 102 Elementary French I, II

FREN 101 proficiency required for FREN 102. Students gain mastery of a basic vocabulary, structural patterns, pronunciation, an overview of French geography and social customs. Two hours of lab per week are required. (Offered every semester.) 3, 3 credits.

Course Objectives:

1. French 101 is a beginning level elementary French class. No prior knowledge of French is necessary. The course will be taught under the assumption that you have no prior knowledge of French.
2. By the end of the semester, the student should be able to carry on a simple conversation in French, to order using elementary vocabulary food and drinks in a restaurant, to ask for directions, to understand simple directions, to write messages, and to make sense of a variety of French cultural icons and texts.
3. The supplemental materials will provide you with a preliminary understanding of the structure of the French language, e.g., basic word order, the interrogative sentence, negation...etc. As this structure becomes more solid, you will be able to realize when you're making a mistake and to make self-corrections.
4. This course will provide you with a solid foundation upon which you will be able to build your knowledge, understanding, and appreciation of the French language and culture.

FREN 199 Individual Study

(Offered as needed.) 1–6 credits.

FREN 201, 202 Intermediate French I, II

The course covers conversation, concepts of grammar in review, composition, and cultural and literary readings. Two hours per week of lab are required. (Offered every year.) 3, 3 credits.

Course Objectives:

1. French 201 is an intermediate level French class. By the end of the semester the student should be able to carry on a conversation in French, to order with ease food and drinks in a restaurant, to ask for directions, to understand directions, to write messages, to compose a written and spoken narrative in the present and the past, to express ideas and opinions, and to make sense of a variety of French cultural icons and texts.
2. The supplemental materials will provide the student will an enhanced understanding of the structure of the French language, e.g., basic word order, the interrogative sentence, narration in the past and present, negation...etc. As this structure becomes more solid, the student will be able to realize when making a mistake and to make self-corrections.
3. This course will provide the student with a solid foundation upon which they will be able to build their knowledge, understanding, and appreciation of the French.

FREN 299 Individual Study

(Offered as needed.) 1–6 credits.

FREN 340 Cuisine in French Literature and Film

Prerequisite, FREN 201, or consent of instructor. This course is a thematic survey of some selected French literary texts and films about the topic of food, eating, and cuisine. Emphasis will be placed on reading and critical analysis of primary and secondary texts and films in French and English. Students will write in French. (Offered alternate years.) 3 credits.

Course Objectives:

1. To give students the opportunity to reflect upon food and eating as essential components of a novel or a film, not just background elements.
2. The course will then look at cuisine and food as social entities, as political tools, as representations of our identities. For example: "Are we what we eat?
3. Readings and written assignments, as well as film analysis will develop and increase students' foreign language and culture knowledge as well as their literary analytical skills.

FREN 341 Literary and Cinematographic Images of the French Past: An Interdisciplinary Inquiry

Prerequisite, FREN 201, or consent of instructor. An interdisciplinary approach to the study of French cinema, history, civilization, culture, and literature. This seminar explores the manner in which these two popular art forms influence the very nature of French cultural identity. (Offered alternate years.) 3 credits.

Course Objectives:

1. The seminar does not limit itself to the examination of solely French films. The international scope of these films and readings challenges students to ask often illusive yet extremely profound questions:
   1. What makes the French French?
   2. How do the French define themselves via these two art forms as a people?
   3. How do these two art forms influence the international community's perception of the French?
   4. How do cinematographic and literary representations of significant historical periods such as the French Revolution and the Nazi Occupation enhance or distort one's perception of the past?
   5. Can the lasting cinematographic and literary images of the past become the cleverly disguised tools of political propaganda?
   6. What is the impact of censorship upon these two art forms and the cultural perceptions they cast?
   7. What distinguishes cinematographic representation from literary mimesis?
   8. What do these two unique art forms have in common? "
2. Films such as "Jésus de Montréal" and "Sugar Cane Alley" will broaden the field of study to include the significant notion of "Francophonie" as illustrated by the importance of the French language for other French speaking nations and cultures such as Québec, Martinique, and Maghreb.

FREN 343 Advanced Grammar and Composition

Prerequisite, FREN 201, or consent of instructor. Detailed review of grammar and exercises in various styles of writing. Content varies each time offered. May be repeated for credit. (Offered alternate years.) 3 credits.

Course Objectives:

1. A thorough review of French Grammar. Emphasis on semantics and phrase structure, analyzing the language as a common or literary tool.
2. To provide weekly opportunities for students to learn to write essays, narration, and personal letters.
3. Translation.

FREN 345, 346 French Conversation I, II

Prerequisite, FREN 201, or consent of instructor. Students perform exercises in conversational French and discuss current activities and periodicals. Films are presented. Content varies each time offered. May be repeated for credit. (Offered alternate years.) 3, 3 credits.

Course Objectives:

1. This course is designed particularly for students who have a foundation in grammar and vocabulary.
2. Conversational material is provided to encourage the students to gain confidence in communicating in French, and prepare them to face various situations in French speaking countries.

FREN 347 Business French

Prerequisite, FREN 201, or consent of instructor. This course presents specialized vocabulary dealing with all aspects of business. Students learn the use of forms, letters, and other documents, and practice preparing correspondence of various types. (Offered alternate years.) 3 credits.

Course Objective:

1. Designed especially for International Studies or Business majors, this course presents the specialized vocabulary and syntax of business language and offers practice in the use of business forms and techniques, oral and written.

FREN 348 Francophone Literatures of the World

Prerequisite, FREN 201, or consent of instructor. This course will explore the rich Francophone literatures of the world from the poetry of the former President of Sénégal, Léopold (Sédar) Senghor, to the famous novels of the Moroccan novelist, Tahar Ben Jelloun and Guadeloupean novelist Maryse Condé. Content varies each time offered focusing on either Francophone literature of Africa or the Americans and the Caribbean. May be repeated for credit. (Offered alternate years.) 3 credits.

FREN 349 French Theater Across the Ages

Prerequisite, FREN 201, or consent of instructor. This course will examine famous French theatrical texts from Molière's Tartuffe to Ionesco's Cantatrice Chauve. (Offered alternate years.) 3 credits.

FREN 350 French Poetry Across the Ages

Prerequisite, FREN 201, or consent of instructor. This course will examine the work of famous French poets such as Marie de France, Marot, Ronsard, Labbé, Chénier, Baudelaire, Verlaine, Rimbaud, Hugo, Apollinaire, Élouard, Valéry, Prévert, and Ponge. This course will explore the various poetic movements and schools, versification, and poetic discourse. (Offered alternate years.) 3 credits.

FREN 351 French Writers of the Holocaust

Prerequisite, FREN 201, or consent of instructor. This course will examine the question of the narration of the "unspeakable" and the importance of written testimony. Students will read and analyze writers who chose the French language to tell their story or the story of loved ones such as Élie Wiesel, Marguerite Duras, Jorge Semprun, and Jean-Claude Girardin. (Offered alternate years.) 3 credits.

FREN 352 French Writers of the Nouveau Roman (New Novel)

Prerequisite, FREN 201, or consent of instructor. The course will examine the novels of famous French writers such as Alain Robbe-Grillet, Marguerite Duras, Nathalie Sarraute, Georges Perec, Michel Butor, JMG Le Clézio, and others. (Offered alternate years.) 3 credits.

FREN 353 Topics in Historical Tours: Paris, A Literary History

Prerequisite, FREN 201, or consent of instructor. This course will be taught on location in Paris during the interterm or summer. If offered during the interterm, several lectures will be first conducted on the Orange campus before the Paris segment of the class. Students will explore the rich history of literature of France, with specific emphasis on the city of Paris, through immersion in the historic places and sites of the proverbial "city of lights." (Offered as needed.) 3 credits.

FREN 360 Performance in French/Theatre

Prerequisite, FREN 201, or consent of instructor. This course is designed for students who are interested in performance in a foreign language. Emphasis will be placed on acting as well as on the improvement of foreign language skills. (Offered spring semester.) 3 credits.

Course Objectives:

1. To give students the opportunity to act and to increase their foreign language and culture knowledge.
2. A major objective of this course is to developp foreign language acquisition through a less traditional class setting and to encourage students to be more creative.

FREN 375 French Literature

Prerequisite, FREN 201, or consent of instructor. Students read and analyze selected works from representative authors in the novel, drama, and poetry. Content varies each time offered. May be repeated for credit. (Offered alternate years.) 3 credits.

Course Objectives:

1. To increase the reading skills of students.
2. To foster an appreciation of French aesthetics. To familiarize the students with techniques of literary criticism.
3. To develop an understanding of French culture through literature.

FREN 378 French Civilization

Prerequisite, FREN 201, or consent of instructor. The study of the geography, political history, and cultural development of France, its position in the modern world, its role overseas. (Offered alternate years.) 3 credits.

Course Objectives:

1. To acquaint the students with the economic, political and sociological conditions and the important cultural phenomena and artistic movements of modern France.
2. To give the students an understanding of the evolution of these conditions throughout French history, and to help them evaluate the place of France in the modern world.
3. To enrich the student's knowledge of the French language, and develop their ability to express themselves in French

FREN 386 Images of Leadership in French Literature: Women Writers Across the Ages

Prerequisite, FREN 201, or consent of instructor. This course is designed for students who are interested in exploring how French women writers (and directors), from the Middle Ages to our XXI century, expressed leadership across their artistic talent. (Offered alternate years.) 3 credits.

Course Objectives:

1. To give students the opportunity to discover and/or increase their knowledge of French literature, and culture through readings and screenings of women writers.
2. A major objective of this course, taught in French, is to explore how women used writing or film to express a form of leadership.
3. This course will follow a chronological order to emphasize the relationship between leadership and context, leadership and socio-political conditions.

FREN 399 Individual Study

Prerequisite, FREN 201, or consent of instructor. Designed to meet specific needs of superior students, providing them with in-depth study of a specific area. Course content is chosen in conference between the instructor and student. May be repeated for credit. (Offered as needed.) ½–6 credits.

FREN 499 Individual Study

Prerequisite, consent of instructor. Designed to meet specific needs of superior students, providing them in-depth study in a specific area. Course content is chosen in conference between the instructor and student. May be repeated for credit. (Offered as needed.) 1–3 credits.

Course Descriptions – German

GER 101, 102 Elementary German I, II

GER 101 proficiency required for GER 102. Students develop beginning communicative competence in speaking, listening, reading, and writing. Appreciation for the Swiss, German, and Austrian cultures is developed. (Offered every semester.) 3, 3 credits.

Course Objective:

1. Through the use of authentic materials in the text, on cassettes and video tapes, successful students will develop an understanding of the culture of the German speaking areas and acquire communication skills in German through interaction with the instructor and other students on an intermediate level at the end of German 102.

GER 199 Individual Study

(Offered as needed.) 6 credits.

GER 201, 202 Intermediate German I, II

Students work on reviewing, expanding, and improving communicative skills to encompass most social and some professional situations, particularly those relevant to the majors of the students in the class. Intensified reading and writing will be used to explore the diverse geography and culture of the German–speaking countries. (Offered every year.) 3, 3 credits.

Course Objectives:

1. Successful students will increase their language proficiency in all four areas of reading, writing, listening and speaking to a second-year level and develop an in depth appreciation for the culture of the German speaking regions and explore similarities an differences to their own cultures.
2. Through a review of language structures students will be able to express more complex thought processes.

GER 299 Individual Study

(Offered as needed.) 1–6 credits.

GER 341 German Film

Prerequisite, GER 201. Film is a powerful art form and means of communication. This interdisciplinary course will explore the historical background of the German–speaking cultures through literary and cinematographic images, which are often catalysts for cultural change. This course can be repeated once if different films are examined. (Offered every 3 years.) 3 credits.

Course Objectives:

1. Students will be able to comprehend and explain the historical and cultural background of the works presented.
2. Students will be able to analyze the texts and films for the underlying concepts and themes.
3. Students will be able to examine their own principles and ethics in relation to the works studied.
4. Students will be able to consider ways to create a more just and humane world.
5. Students will write a substantial paper in which knowledge and skills gained in the course are used to draw an original conclusion.

GER 343 Advanced Grammar and Composition

Prerequisite, GER 201, or consent of instructor. This is a rigorous writing course designed to allow the student to perfect German composition skills in various writing styles through drafts, revisions, and final projects. (Offered alternate years.) 3 credits.

Course Objectives:

1. The course is designed for students who have acquired a foundation in grammar and vocabulary.
2. Various types of texts will be studied and used as a basis for students to improve their creative writing skills in German.
3. Grammar will be reviewed as necessary.

GER 345 German Conversation

Prerequisite, GER 201, or consent of instructor. Students will perform fluency–building exercises in conversational German. Discussions will be based upon current events using periodicals and videos. (Offered alternate years.) 3 credits.

Course Objectives:

1. The course is designed for students who have acquired a foundation in grammar and vocabulary.
2. Conversational material is provided to help students build fluency and gain confidence in communicating in German, and to help prepare them to face various situations in German speaking countries, including a knowledge of the history, geography, politics and economics, in addition to current events.

GER 347 Business German

Prerequisite, GER 201, or consent of instructor. This course presents a specialized vocabulary dealing with all aspects of business and are given insight into the role Germany, Austria, and Switzerland play in the global economy. Students learn the use of forms, letters, and other documents, and they practice preparing correspondence of various types. (Offered alternate years.) 3 credits.

Course Objectives:

1. Designed especially for International Studies or Business majors, this course presents the essential skills necessary for proficiency in the world of German speaking business.
2. The course enables students to develop the specialized vocabulary and syntax of business language and offers practice in the use of business communication in a variety of settings, both oral and written.

GER 351 Facets of the Holocaust from a Literary Perspective

Prerequisite, GER 201. This course will examine various aspects of the Holocaust in literary texts. We will examine the lives of those confined inside the concentration camps, those rescued, those whose lives were destroyed or shattered and those who showed courage. Students will be challenged to evaluate their personal values and develop their own ethical responsibility in the face of ongoing genocides. (Offered alternate years.) 3 credits.

Course Objective:

1. Using works of both fiction, non-fiction and film, students will examine the holocaust from various perspectives: the circumstances that permitted the rise of the totalitarian regime, the individual's and society's responsibility to prevent such events, the heroes and victims of such a tragedy.

GER 360 Performance in German/Theater

Prerequisite, GER 201, or consent of instructor. This course is designed for students who are interested in performing a play in a foreign language (German). Emphasis will be placed on acting as well as on the improvement of foreign language skills. Although a number of different dramas/plays by major German playwrights will be analyzed, the course will focus on one play which students will prepare to enact for the larger Chapman University and community audience. (Offered spring semester, alternate years.) 3 credits.

Course Objectives:

1. To give students the opportunity to act and to increase their foreign language and culture knowledge.
2. A major objective of this course is to develop foreign language acquisition through a less traditional class setting and to encourage students to be more creative.

GER 375 German Literature

Prerequisite, GER 201, or consent of instructor. Students read and analyze selected works from representative authors in the novel, drama, and poetry. Content varies each time offered. May be repeated for credit. (Offered alternate years.) 3 credits.

Course Objectives:

1. To increase the reading skills of students.
2. To foster an appreciation of German aesthetics.
3. To familiarize the students with techniques of literary criticism.
4. To develop an understanding of German culture through literature.

GER 378 German Culture and Civilization

Prerequisite, GER 201, or consent of instructor. The study of the geography, political history, and cultural development of German–speaking countries, their position in the European Union, and their role in the modern world. (Offered alternate years.) 3 credits.

Course Objectives:

1. To acquaint students with the economic, political and sociological conditions and the important cultural phenomena and artistic movements of the German speaking countries.
2. To give the students an understanding of the evolution of these conditions throughout the history of the German speaking areas and to help them evaluate the role these countries play in the modern world.
3. To enrich the students' knowledge of the German language and to develop their ability to express themselves in German.

GER 399 Individual Study

(Offered as needed.) 1- 3 credits.

GER 490 Independent Internship

(Offered as needed.) 3 credits.

GER 499 Individual Study

Prerequisite, consent of instructor. Designed to meet specific needs of superior students. (Offered every semester.) 1–3 credits.

Course Descriptions – Greek

GRK 101, 102 Elementary Classical Greek I, II

GRK 101 proficiency required for GRK 102. Mastery of alphabet, vocabulary, grammar, and correct pronunciation, along with an introduction to classical Greece. (Offered as needed.) 3, 3 credits.

GRK 299 Individual Study

Prerequisite, GRK 102, or consent of instructor. (Offered as needed.) ½–6 credits.

GRK 499 Individual Study

(Offered as needed.) ½–6 credits.

Course Descriptions – Italian

ITAL 101, 102 Elementary Italian I, II

ITAL 101 proficiency required for ITAL 102. This course is an introduction to Italian by oral–aural practice, including simple conversation and reading of texts concerning Italian life and culture, with an emphasis on those aspects useful for music students. Two hours of lab per week are required. (Offered every year.) 3, 3 credits.

Course Objectives:

1. The purpose of this course is to teach the students the basic of the structure of the Italian language.
2. The approach to the grammar is functional, the student is encouraged to use the language from the start as a vehicle of communication.
3. Through gradual mastery of basic elements, reading and conversation, the student progresses in ability to understand and speak the language. Italian is used as much as possible as the classroom language.
4. The use of computer complements the lectures and the exercises. 10 hours language lab is required.

ITAL 199 Individual Study

(Offered as needed.) 1-6 credits.

ITAL 201, 202 Intermediate Italian I, II

Students expand and improve communicative skills to encompass most social and some professional situations. The course also covers conversation, concepts of grammar in review, composition, and cultural and literary readings. Two hours of labs per week are required. (Offered as needed.) 3, 3 credits.

Course Objectives:

1. Students will develop additional skill in responding to questions and communicating basic facts, opinions and emotions, in reading simple material and in writing clear, simple compositions.
2. Grammar topics covered include the future, past perfect, imperative forms, reflexive verbs, possessive adjectives, comparative and relative pronouns.
3. More vocabulary is introduced as students read about and discuss new aspects of Italian culture and life. Particular emphasis is placed on the area of the student's major.

ITAL 299 Individual Study

(Offered as needed.) 1-6 credits.

ITAL 399 Individual Study

(Offered as needed.) 1-6 credits.

ITAL 499 Individual Study

(Offered as needed.) 1-6 credits.

Course Descriptions – Japanese

JPN 101, 102 Elementary Japanese I, II

Prerequisite, for JPN 101, none; for JPN 102, completion of Elementary Japanese 101 or permission of the instructor, Mastery of elementary level of Japanese Grammar, sentence structure and vocabulary, an overview of Japanese culture and customs. The class emphasizes communicative activities such as role-plays and interviews. 10 hours per semester of lab required. (Offered every year.) 3, 3 credits.

Course Objectives:

1. JPN 101
   1. No prerequisites. This course is designed to improve your basic Japanese skills in all four skills of listening, speaking, reading, and writing, through communicative approach.
   2. The major emphasis will be placed on oral communication in Japanese.
   3. With wide variety of oral exercises, drills, and activities in class, students will acquire practical and useful Japanese skills, including basic vocabulary and grammatical patterns.
   4. Students will also learn to read and write Hiragana. Students must master all the basic Hiragana and variations by the end of Fall Semester. Selected Katakana and Kanji words will also be introduced, but only for recognition.
2. JPN 102:
   1. This course is designed to further develop all four language skills, based on basic knowledge introduced in Japanese 101.
   2. Students are expected to be able to read and write hiragana and katakana without any difficulty.
   3. The major emphasis will be placed on more fluent oral everyday communication in Japanese.
   4. Students will improve more practical and useful Japanese skills, including various vocabulary and grammatical patterns.
   5. At the end of the course, students will be able to describe more complicated situations in daily life.
   6. Students will also have abundant opportunities to learn Japanese culture and customs through videos and discussions.

JPN 199 Individual Study

Prerequisite, consent of instructor. May be repeated for credit. (Offered as needed.) 3-6 credits.

JPN 201 Intermediate Japanese I

Prerequisite, JPN 102, or consent of instructor. Mastery of intermediate level of Japanese grammar, sentence structure and vocabulary. This course also provides students with ample practices for intermediate level of conversational skills. Students will develop skills to apply learned vocabulary and phrases in similar occasions in real life. (Offered every year.) 3 credits.

Course Objectives:

1. Japanese 201 is designed for those students who have completed Elementary Japanese 101 and 102 or those with equivalent ability.
2. While mastering the intermediate vocabulary and structural patterns, the student will gain an understanding of the circumstances in which particular expressions might be used.
3. By practicing the substitution exercises for the short conversations, the student will develop the ability to speak in different circumstances which he or she encounters in real life.
4. We will also view cultural videos to further understand current Japanese culture and people.
5. We will continue learning reading and writing Kanji characters.

JPN 202 Intermediate Japanese II

Prerequisite, JPN 201, or equivalent, or consent of the instructor. More detailed review of intermediate level of Japanese grammar, sentence structures and vocabulary. This course also provides students with ample practices for intermediate level of conversation. This class should be taken prior to Advanced Japanese Grammar (JPN 343) class or Business Japanese class. (Offered every year.) 3 credits.

Course Objectives:

1. This course will provide thorough Grammar study and conversational practices to help students prepare for Advanced Japanese Grammar and Advanced Japanese Conversation classes.
2. We will use the textbook which is designed for use in universities in Japan and use its comprehensive approach to developing the four basic skills in order to equip students with overall Japanese-language ability.
3. The emphasis will be placed on balancing accuracy, fluency and complexity of grammatical structures.
4. With explanation of unique Japanese Grammar, students will learn the logic, social and psychological reasons behind certain language uses.
5. The class also utilizes current DVD materials in order to enhance students' understanding of Japanese language and culture.

JPN 299 Individual Study

Prerequisite, consent of instructor. May be repeated for credit. (Offered as needed.) 3-6 credits.

JPN 301 Intensive Course for Chinese Characters

Prerequisite, JPN 201 or equivalent or permission of the instructor. Kanji (Chinese Characters) signify meaning. This class helps students learn the meaning of each parts of Kanji (radicals) and rules to make learning Kanji easier and fun. Students will also practice writing Kanji by using a traditional brush and ink (calligraphy) in order to master stroke orders of individual Kanji. Mastery of 250 Kanji used in daily lives in Japan making Kanji cards and playing word games. (Offered spring semester.) 3 credits.

Course Objectives:

1. The objective of this course is to provide students with an historical background of Chinese characters primarily through lectures.
2. It is also designed to help students master reading and writing Kanji words through various reading materials such as textbook lessons and articles chosen from Japanese newspapers and magazines.
3. Kanji characters to be mastered include vocabulary used in media, literature, and highly useful words for daily life.
4. This course strictly aims at students' mastery of reading and writing Kanji, and not at mastering Japanese conversation.

JPN 343 Advanced Japanese Grammar and Composition

Prerequisite, JPN 202, or equivalent proficiency, or permission of the instructor. Detail study of advance grammar and sentence structures. While the class aims at improving all four skills: listening, speaking, reading and writing, the main focus will be placed on learning more advanced applications of different forms of Japanese verbs, grammatical structures and vocabulary. In this class students will also practice reading and writing various styles of writing. (Offered every year.) 3 credits.

Course Objectives:

1. This course will provide thorough Grammar study to help students prepare for Advanced Japanese Conversation and Business Japanese classes.
2. In order to achieve this goal, students will study more complex Grammar such as Causative verbs, Passive forms and such.
3. Students will read, analyze and exercise various types of written materials such as newspaper and magazine articles to expand their Grammar power.

JPN 345 Advanced Japanese Conversation

Prerequisite, JPN 343, or equivalent proficiency, or permission of the instructor. Students perform exercises in conversational Japanese through activities such as situational role-plays, discussions and debates in Japanese based on current news, and oral presentations. Several DVD's and movies on Japanese society and culture are presented for discussion and debates. As a Final Project, students are required to make their own situational skits (at least three different situations) or they can choose to act out all the dialogs presented in the textbook. All the dialogue must be filmed and edited into a movie format and submitted by due date for a final grade. (Offered every year.) 3 credits.

JPN 347 Business Japanese

Prerequisite, JPN 345, or equivalent ability. Business Japanese course aims at understanding of Japanese Business protocol as well as mastering high level of Japanese communication skills for business settings. This course will assist students to learn advanced Japanese grammar, sentence patterns and fixed expressions necessary for smooth business activities by means of grammar study, vocabulary building and roll-plays. The emphasis will be on the understanding Japanese culture and people, particularly Japanese Business culture and protocol, while discussing common misunderstandings and comical mistakes foreign businessmen make dealing with Japanese counterparts. We will use the most current DVD which is actually used by Japanese companies in Japan to train new non-Japanese employees. (Offered as needed.) 3 credits.

JPN 375 Introduction to Japanese Literature

Prerequisite, JPN 102, or consent of instructor. This is a survey course of selected texts from different era and genres of Japanese literature. The students are introduced to selected Japanese texts from a variety of genres such as novels, essays, poems (tanka, haiku, senryuu), anime, manga, and children's' literature. The students will read and examine the materials in consideration of the social context of the period written and have discussions around the theme as well as interpret and recite the text when it is appropriate. Ability to read Japanese hiragana and katakana is desirable even though all materials are introduced with English translation as well as in the original Japanese. May be repeated for credit with a different topic. (Offered spring semester, alternate years.) 3 credits.

Course Objectives:

1. To introduce different Japanese literature genres through studying major work chronologically.
2. To read literature in relation to the society of the period.
3. To understand how religion, government policy, specific social and economic status were reflected in ethical, moral code, and social norms of the society, and how it is represented in literature.
4. To understand how other countries' culture is entwined into Japanese literature.
5. To reflect on how the insights from the study of Japanese literature of the course relates directly to student's modern day life.

JPN 399 Individual Study

Prerequisite, consent of instructor. May be repeated for credit. (Offered as needed.) 3-6 credits.

JPN 478 Japanese History and Civilization

Prerequisite, JPN 345, or equivalent proficiency, or permission of the instructor. The study of the geography, culture in different historical periods, people and society in contemporary Japan, and Japan's place and roles in the world. The class will be conducted in Japanese. Student-centered class with discussions and research. We use the textbook written in Japanese on Japanese History to polish up advanced level Japanese language skills. (Offered as needed.) 3 credits.

Course Objectives:

1. To give the student a basic understanding of Japan's geographical setting, history, culture, society and people.
2. To enrich the student's knowledge of Japanese language, which is greatly influenced by these conditions, and develop their ability to express themselves both in spoken and written Japanese.
3. To enhance the student's advanced grammar skills and to increase their command of Kanji by reading simple Japanese history book.

JPN 490 Independent Internship

Prerequisite, consent of instructor. May be repeated for credit. (Offered as needed.) 1–9 credits.

JPN 499 Individual Study

Prerequisite, consent of instructor, seniors who have fulfilled advanced courses in Japanese. A student presents his/her research theme to an instructor at the beginning of the semester. A theme must be related to Japanese culture, arts, language and society. Once an instructor and the Department approve the theme, the student presents more concrete plan that includes methods, resources, bibliography and such. The student starts his/her research with an instructor's guidance. The thesis has to be written in Japanese. (Offered every year.) ½–6 credits.

Course Objective:

1. The purpose of the course is to enable a senior Japanese student to integrate what he/she has learned through all the Japanese courses and his/her experience with Japanese culture.

Course Descriptions – Latin

LAT 101, 102 Elementary Latin I, II

LAT 101 proficiency required for LAT 102. This course introduces Latin as the root of modern European languages; it emphasizes the relationship of the Romance languages and the Romance roots of the English vocabulary. No previous knowledge of Latin is required. (Offered as needed.) 3, 3 credits.

LAT 299 Individual Study

Prerequisite, LAT 102, or consent of instructor. (Offered as needed.) ½–6 credits.

LAT 499 Individual Study

(Offered as needed.) ½–6 credits.

Course Descriptions – Spanish

SPAN 101, 102 Elementary Spanish I, II

SPAN 101 proficiency required for SPAN 102. Students develop basic competence in the four skills of listening, speaking, reading, and composition writing. Emphasis is placed on conversational skills pertinent to a variety of social situations in different cultures. The class is conducted in Spanish. (Offered every semester.) 3, 3 credits.

SPAN 199 Individual Study

(Offered as needed.) 1–6 credits.

SPAN 201, 202 Intermediate Spanish I, II

SPAN 102 proficiency required for SPAN 201. SPAN 201 proficiency required for SPAN 202; or consent of instructor. Students work on expanding and improving communicative skills to encompass most social and some professional situations. Through intensified reading and composition writing students also explore the diverse geography and culture of the Hispanic world. The class is conducted in Spanish. (Offered every semester.) 3, 3 credits.

SPAN 290 Intern Program

(Offered as needed.) 1–6 credits.

SPAN 299 Individual Study

(Offered as needed.) 1–6 credits.

SPAN 326 Reading and Interpreting Literature

Prerequisite, SPAN 343, or 344, or consent of instructor. Students develop reading and writing skills with the aim of attaining literacy in Spanish. Strategies and techniques for interpreting literary works in light of cultural context are emphasized. Required before enrolling in all upper–division literature courses. (Offered every year.) 3 credits.

SPAN 343 Advanced Grammar and Composition

Prerequisite, SPAN 202, or consent of instructor. This course includes a detailed review of Spanish grammar and a rigorous writing component which will allow the student to perfect Spanish composition skills through drafts, revisions, and final projects. (Offered fall semester.) 3 credits.

SPAN 344 Spanish Writing Workshop

Prerequisite, SPAN 202, or consent of instructor. Intensive development of writing skills in the context of worldwide Hispanic cultures. Particular emphasis will be given to the development of writing expository essays and creative compositions in Spanish. (Offered as needed.) 3 credits.

SPAN 345 Spanish Conversation

Prerequisite, SPAN 202, or consent of instructor. This course further develops the communicative competence of students in Spanish, focusing on the oral expression of one's own ideas and opinions. In addition to speaking, the course includes the acquisition of new vocabulary, the development of socio-cultural competence, a grammar review, and exposure to listening, reading, and to a lesser degree writing. The textbook provides plenty of material and opportunities for discussion and debate. Each one of its six chapters is introduced by an award-winning short-feature film. The theme is further explored through a series of literary, journalistic and other types of texts and speaking activities. Communicative competence will be measured by fluency, pronunciation, use of general conversational strategies such as paraphrasing skills, an extensive active vocabulary, and grammar. (Offered as needed.) 3 credits.

SPAN 375, 376 Literature and Culture of Spain I, II

Prerequisite, SPAN 326, or consent of instructor. This course is an introduction to a variety of literary genres (poetry, drama, essay, novel, short story) and cultural aspects of Spain (art, history, geography, music, philosophy) from medieval times through the 20th century. (Offered alternate years.) 3, 3 credits.

SPAN 377, 378 Literature and Culture of Latin America I, II

Prerequisite, SPAN 326, or consent of instructor. This course is an introduction to a variety of literary genres and cultural aspects of Latin America (art, history, geography, music, philosophy) from its beginnings to present times. Includes readings of representative authors in the areas of drama, essay fiction, and poetry. (Offered alternate years.) 3, 3 credits.

SPAN 396 Introduction to Hispanic Linguistics

Prerequisite, successful completion of any 300–level course in Spanish or consent of instructor. This course introduces students to the field of linguistics with an emphasis on Spanish. Fundamental concepts are examined to provide a broad understanding of human language. Analytic techniques and theoretical principles are used to discover and describe phonological, morphological, and syntactic patterns. This course also deals with diachronic and sociolinguistic variation. (Offered every year.) 3 credits.

SPAN 397 United States Latino Literatures and Cultures

Prerequisite, SPAN 326, or consent of instructor. In this course students are introduced to a broad range of U.S. Latino/a literary genres and to critical and analytical materials concerning the production of literatures and cultures of the Americas. (Offered alternate years.) 3 credits.

SPAN 398 20th Century Latin American Fiction: Journeys Across Memory

Prerequisite, SPAN 326, or consent of instructor. This course examines Latin American short stories and novels published in the 20th century. The main themes to be analyzed are exile, psychological traces of repression, personal and collective memory, and the rewriting of history. (Offered alternate years.) 3 credits.

SPAN 399 Individual Study

Prerequisite, consent of instructor. Designed to meet specific needs of superior students, providing them in-depth study on a specific topic. Course content is chosen in conference between the instructor and student. May be repeated for credit. (Offered as needed.) 1–6 credits.

SPAN 440 A Multidisciplinary Approach to Spanish Bilingualism

Prerequisite, any 300–level course, or consent of instructor. This course provides a broad understanding of bilingualism from sociolinguistic, ideological, psychological, and educational perspectives. Students examine theoretical concepts and selected case studies that focus on Spanish bilingualisms around the world, the complex interrelations between social factors and linguistic practices, the role of language in the construction of identity, and the structural impacts of language contact. (Offered as needed.) 3 credits.

SPAN 441 Spanish Phonetics and Phonology

Prerequisite, SPAN 202, or consent of instructor. After a general introduction to the subfields of phonetics and phonology, this course focuses on the description, production, and representation of Spanish sounds. The sound system, distinctive suprasegmental features such as stress and intonation, and syllable patterns of Spanish are analyzed through various exercises. (Offered alternate years.) 3 credits.

SPAN 484 20th Century Spanish Poetry and Drama: Literary Pictures

Prerequisite, SPAN 326. This course examines theatrical and poetic texts in 20th century Spain in conjunction with artistic representations of or within the texts. Some poets and playwrights to be included are Frederico Garcia Lorca, Miguel Hernandez, Rafael Alberti, Antonio Buero Vallejo, and Alfonso Sastre. (Offered alternate years.) 3 credits.

SPAN 485 Hispanic Theatre in Dialogue with the Classics: A Workshop for Dramatic Creations

Prerequisite, 300 level SPAN course or equivalent proficiency, or consent of instructor. This course examines dramatic works from Spain, Mexico, Argentina in light of classical inter-textual references: Greek tragedies, classical art and historical accounts. It explores the concept of "intertextuality" as regards the study of dramatic texts in dialogue with the historical past and investigates such themes as social repression, war in conjunction with artistic expression, politics and power. Students will create their own short plays using the dramatic techniques explored in class and will perform in a public arena. (Offered alternate years.) 3 credits.

Course Objectives:

1. The aim of this course is to provide students with the tools to become analytical readers and student playwrights.
2. Students will also become competent participants in discussing and writing about important aspects of society as exemplified in Hispanic theater pieces.
3. Read a dramatic text and understand the process of investigating intertextual references.
4. Know the historical contexts of Spain, Mexico and Argentina which revolve around the topics addressed in the corresponding dramatic texts.
5. Identify intertextual elements, (historical/cultural/artistic/literary) and their significance in dramatic texts.
6. Discuss plays in their original context and as pertinent to present day society.
7. Express coherent arguments in writing or speaking drawing on critical concepts explored in class.
8. Synthesize and analyze course information in order to write and perform a short original play that incorporates a variety of inter-textual elements pertinent to their experiences in our global society of the twenty-first century.

SPAN 490 Independent Internship

(Offered as needed.) 1–6 credits.

SPAN 499 Individual Study

Prerequisite, consent of instructor. Designed to meet specific needs of superior students, providing them in–depth study on a specific topic. Course content is chosen in conference between the instructor and student. May be repeated for credit. (Offered as needed.) 1–3 credits.